Isolated occipital neuralgia is not common, but there is currently no way to estimate how many people really have the condition. The issue of diagnosis concerns the fact the occipital nerve may be inflamed due to some other type of medical condition, like a migraine. The diagnosis would be migraine with occipital nerve involvement instead of just occipital neuralgia. The similarity of occipital neuralgia to other headache disorders means there may be many undiagnosed cases.